<

This Article Statistics
Viewed : 2224 Downloaded : 1593


 

Effect of water quality in hematological and biochemical parameters in blood of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in two lakes of Kosovo

Hazbije Sahiti, Kemajl Bislimi* , Enis Dalo, Kemajl Murati

Abstract

The aim of the current investigation is to evaluate the impact of water quality in hematological and biochemical blood profile in two habitats of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) captured in Batllava and in Radoniqi Lake. It has been found that Radoniqi Lake is characterized with increased levels of physicochemical parameters (T, DO, PO4-3, NO3-N, NO2-N). In Radoniqi Lake were recorded also heavy metal content such as Cd, Pb, Ni and Cu while in Batllava Lake only presence of Cu was recorded. Given the developed agriculture in the region where Radoniqi Lake is located, increased level of PO4-3, Cd and Cu can be attributed to agricultural pollution. Blood is taken for hematological (RBC, Hgb, MCV, MCH, MCHC, WBC), and biochemical (ALP, AST, ALT, Glucose, Cholesterol, Triglyceride, Total lipid, Total protein) analysis from twenty fish of each lake. The results of hematological parameters show that there is a difference between investigated fishes of respective lakes. There are slight differences in the values of Hgb, MCHC and WBC, while the changes are significant in RBC, MCV and MCH. By contrast, the biochemical parameters have shown significant differences, with the exception of the amount of cholesterol, where the differences are insignificant. Given the water quality of the two lakes, the results of this research show that water quality affects the health condition of fish. The high values of hematological and biochemical parameters in the fish of Radoniqi Lake are indicative that these fish suffer from stress caused by water pollution with heavy metals.

Keywords

fish, water quality, hematological parameter, lake

Download full text   |   How to Cite   |   Download XML Files

References
  • Abedi, Z., Hasantabar, F., Khalesi, K.M., & Babaei, S. (2013). Effect of Sublethal Concentrations of Cadmium, Lead and Chromium on Some Enzymatic Activities of Common carp; Cyprinus carpio. World Journal of Zoology 8, 98 – 105.
  • Adham, K. G., Hassan I. F., Taha, N., & Amin, T. H. (1999). Impact of Hazardous exposure to metals in the Nile and Delta lakes on the catfish, Clariaslazera. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 54, 107–124.
  • Adham, K.G., Ibrahim, H.M., Hamed, S.S., & Saleh, R.A. (2002). Blood chemistry of the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1757) under the impact of water pollution. Aquatic Ecology, 36, 549-57.
  • Adhikari, S., Sarkar, B., Chatterjee, A., Mahapatra, C.T., & Ayyappan, S. (2004). Effects of cypermethrin and carbofuran hematological parameters and prediction of their recovery in a freshwater teleost Labeo rohita (Hamilton). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 58, 220–226.
  • Al-Asgah, A.N., Abdel-Warith, A.A.W., Younis, M.E.S., & Allam, Y.H. (2015). Hematological and biochemical parameters and tissue accumulations of cadmium in Oreochromis niloticus exposed to various concentrations of cadmium chloride. Saudi Journal of Biological Science, 22, 543-550.
  • Al-Attar, A.M. (2005). Biochemical effects of short-term cadmium exposure on the freshwater fish, Oreochromis niloticus. Journal of Biological Sciences, 5, 260-265.
  • Almeida, J.A., Diniz, Y.S., Marques, S.F.G., Faine, A., Ribas, B.O., Burneiko, R.C., & Novelli, E.I.B. (2002). The use of the oxidative stress responses as biomarkers in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) exposed to in vivo cadmium contamination. Environment International, 27, 673-679.
  • Arthanari, M., & Dhanapalan, S. (2016). Assessment of the hematological and serum biochemical parameters of three commercially important freshwater fishes in river Cauvery Velur, Namakkal district, Tamil Nadu, India. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 4(1), 155-159.
  • Borkovic, S.S., Pavlovic, S.Z., Kovacevic, T.B., S Tajn, A.S., Petrovic, V.M., & Saicic, Z.S. (2008). Antioxidant defense enzyme activities in hepatopancreas, gills and muscle of spiny cheek crayfish (Orconectes limosus) from the River Danube. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part C Toxicology &. Pharmacology, 147, 122–128.
  • Coles E.H. (1986). Veterinary Clinical Pathology. W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, pp 10-42.
  • De La Torre, C., Petochi, T., Corsi, I., M. Dinardo, M., Baroni, D., Alcaro, L., Focardi, S., Tursi, A., Marino, G., Frigeric, A., & Amato, E. (2010). DNA damage, severe organ lesions and high muscle levels of As and Hg in two benthic fish species from a chemical warfare agent dumping site in the Mediterranean Sea. Science of the Total Environment, 408(9), 2136 - 2145.
  • Demeke, A., & Tassew, A. (2016). A review on water quality and its impact on Fish health. International Journal of Fauna and Biological Studies, 3, 21-31.
  • Faggio, C., Marafioti, S., Arfuso, F., Panzera, M., Piccione, G., & Fazio, F. (2012). Effect of two different habitat on hematological parameters and serum protein profile in Mugil cephalus. Natura rerum, 1, 19-28.
  • Fazio, F., Faggio, C., Marafioti, S., Torre, A., Sanfilippo, M., & Piccione, G. (2013). Comparative study of the biochemical and hematological parameters of four wild Tyrrhenian fish species. Veterinární medicína, 58(11), 576-581.
  • Fırat, Ö., Cogun, Y.H., Yüzereroglu, A.T., Gülbin Gök, G., Fırat, Ö., Ferit Kargin, F., & Kötemen, Y. (2010). A comparative study on the effects of a pesticide (cypermethrin) and two metals (copper, lead) to serum biochemistry of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 37, 657–666.
  • Francesco, F., Satheeshkumar, P., Senthil Kumar, D., Caterina, F., & Giuseppe. P. (2012). A Comparative study of hematological and blood chemistry of Indian and Italian Grey mullet (Mugil cephalus Linneaus 1758). HOAJ Biology, 1-5.
  • Gill, T.S., & Epple, A. (1993). Stress – related changes in hematological profile of the American eel (Anguilla rostarata). Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 25 (2), 227-235.
  • Hontela, A., Daniel, C., & Ricard, A.C. (1996). Effects of acute and subacute exposures to cadmium on the interrenal and thyroid function in rainbow trout, Oncohrynchus mykiss. Aquatic Toxicolgy, 35, 171-182.
  • https://www.goruma.de/laender/europa/kosovo/landkarte-geografie, (07/ 2018)
  • Ismail, M.N., Ali, E.S., & Mohamed, K.I. (2017). Biochemical and histological biomarker approaches in the assessment of the water pollution in some lined and unlined watercourses of Egypt. International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 5, 288 – 296.
  • Joseph, A., Knight, M., Anderson, S., James, M., & Rawie, H. (1972). Chemical basis of the sulfophospho-vanillin reaction for estimating total serum lipid. Clinical Chemistry, 18(3):198–201.
  • Karan, V., Vitorovic, S., Tutundzic, V., & Poleksic V. (1998). Functional enzymes activity and gill histology of carp after copper sulfate exposure and recovery. Ecotoxologial and Environmental Safety, 4, 49–55.
  • Khalesi, K.M., Abedi, Z., Behrouzi, S., & S. Eskandari, K. S. (2016). Hematological, blood biochemical and histopathological effects of sublethal cadmium and lead concentrations in Common carp. Bulgarian Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 10, 1 – 10.
  • Khan, A.S., Zhou, P., Liu, X., Li, H., Li, J., Rehman, Z., & Ahma, J. (2015). Response of vitamins A, E, hematological and serum biochemical markers in Crucian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) exposed to environmental Pb2+ and Cd2+. Acta Biochemica Polonica, 62, 581- 587.
  • Kopp, R., Lang, Š., Brabec, T., & Mareš, J. (2013). The influence of physicochemical parameters of water on plasma indices in brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill) reared under conditions of intensive aquaculture. Acta Veterinaria Brno, 82, 367-374.
  • Kumar, P., & Singh, A. (2010). Cadmium toxicity in fish: An overview, GERF Bulletin of Biosciences, 1(1), 41-47.
  • Law, J.M. (2003). Issues related to the use of fish models in toxicologic pathology: session introduction. - Toxicological Pathology, 31, 49-52.
  • Levesque, H., Moon, T., Campbell, P., & Hontela, A. (2002). Seasonal variation in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) chronically exposed to metals in the field. Aquatic Toxicology, 60, 257-67.
  • Levit, M.S., & M.S, JD. (2010). A Literature Review of Effects of Cadmium on Fish. Center for Science in Public Participation, Bozeman, Montana 1-15.
  • Mohiseni, M., Asayesh, S., Bazarnoie, S.S., Mohseni, F., Moradi, N., Matouri, M., & Mirzaee, N. (2015). Biochemical Alteration Induced by Cadmium and Lead in Common Carp via an Experimental Food Chain. Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 4, 25-32.
  • Mohiseni, M., Asayesh, S.S., Bazarnoie, S.S., Mohseni, F., Moradi, N., Matouri, M., & Mirzaee, N. (2016). Biochemical Alteration Induced by Cadmium and Lead in Common carp via an Experimental Food Chain. Iranian Journal of Toxicology, 10, 25 – 32.
  • Osman, G.M.A., AbouelFadl, Y.K., El Reheem, A.B.M.A. Mahmoud, M.U., Kloas, W., & Moustafa. A.M. (2018). Blood Biomarkers in Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus niloticus and African Catfish Clarias gariepinus to Evaluate Water Quality of the River Nile. www.fisheriessciences.com. 12, 001-015.
  • Parrino, V., Cappello, T., Costa, G., Cannavà, C., Sanfilippo, M., Fazio, F., & Fasulo, S. (2018). Comparative study of haematology of two teleost fish (Mugil cephalus and Carassius auratus) from different environments and feeding habits. The European Zoological Journal, 85, 194–200.
  • Reitma, S., & Frankel, S. (1957). A colorimetric method for the determination of oxaloacetic acid glutamic pyruvic transaminase. American Journal of Clinical Pathology, 28, 56–63.
  • Saravanan, M., Prabhu, K.K., & Ramesh, M. (2011). Hematological and biochemical responses of freshwater teleost fish Cyprinus carpio (Actinopterygii: Cypriniformes) during acute and chronic sub lethal exposure to lindane. Pesticides Biochemistry and Physiology, 100, 206–211.
  • Shalaby, A.M.E. (2007). Effect of EDTA on toxicity reduction of cadmium in relation to growth, some hematological and biochemical profiles of Nile tilapia (Oreochromicus niloticus). Journal of Fish and Aquatic Sciences, 2 (2), 100-109.
  • Svobodová, Z., Lloyd, R., Machova, J., & Vykusova, B. (1993). Water quality and fish health; Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology. EIFAC Technical Paper. No. 54. Rome, FAO
  • Thirumavalavan, R. (2010). Effect of cadmium on biochemical parameters in fresh water fish, Oreochromis mossambicus. Asian Journal of Science and Technology, 5, 100-104.
  • William, J.P. (1997). Nongenetic variation, genetic environmental interactions and altered gene expression. Temperature, photoperiod, diet, pH and sex-related effects. Comparative Biochemistry and Physioliology, 117, 11–66.
  • Yancheva, V., Velcheva, I., Stoyanova, S., & Georgieva, E. (2015). Fish in Ecotoxicological Studies. Ecologia balkanica, 7, 149-169.
  • Zhou, X., Li, M., Abbas, K., & Wang, W. 2009.Comparison of hematology and serum biochemistry of cultured and wild Dojo loach Misgurnus anguillicaudatus. Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 35:435–441
  • Zimmerman, H.J. 1978. Hepatotoxicity. Appleton Century croffs, New York.