Abstract

An important environmental issue, as soil erosion is prominent in those areas exposed to heavy rain falls, as well as variability in the climatic measures. Research was carried out concerning the effect that intensity of rainfall and variability in climate have on soil erosion dynamics, especially how their combination brings about soil loss from different places. 79 plots from three distinct regions that vary in terms of climatic conditions were surveyed, and soil samples and erosion rates were measured. Five replicates of soil sample collections were made from each plot to measure erosion rates, while automated rain gauges were used to monitor rainfall intensity and duration. Time-series satellite remote sensing data were used to detect changes in land cover over time, and the effects of severe weather on erosion were measured through extreme rain gauges that recorded amount and duration. IBM SPSS software (version 27.0) was used to apply the information, and multiple regression analysis was utilized to examine the influence of rainfall intensity, duration, and climate variation on rate of soil erosion. Additionally, correlation analysis was performed to examine the direction of the correlations between rainfall intensity and erosion rates. ANOVA was utilized to confirm the consequences on the environment and find out whether there were any notable variations in erosion rates across various weather conditions. The results show that only climatic variability apart from rainfall intensity can significantly contribute to increased soil erosion, with higher effects in areas with weaker land management practices. The research emphasizes that there must be consideration of climatic factors in design plans of soil conservation in an effort to decrease the properties of soil erosion about modification in weather and precipitation forms.