Abstract

In 2024, a field experiment in the Zafaraniya area was conducted on silty loam soils to assess the effects of using biochar, biofertilizers, and mineral fertilizers on soil fertility, okra pod quality, and yield. The factorial design was composed of three treatment combinations: 0 tons/ha or 4 tons/ha of biochar; 0 tons/ha or 4 tons/ha of nitrogen-fixing, phosphate-solubilizing and potassium-solubilizing bacteria; and 0, 50%, or 100% of the recommended rate of mineral fertilizer applied. The design was performed within a completely randomized block design (CRBD) with three replicates for each treatment combination. The results indicated that the use of biochar, biofertilizers, and the different mineral fertilizer application rates had significant increases in soil N, P, and K levels. By the end of the study, the soil nutrient levels increased to 32.51 mg N/kg, 15.48 mg P/kg, and 210.03 mg K/kg, respectively. The nutrient content of the okra pods also increased; the levels of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium were 1.61, 0.48, and 1.52, respectively. The total yield of okra for the CRBD was 9.69 tons/ha; the average protein content was 10.10% and the total soluble solids (T.S.S.) were 7.30%. These results show that by improving soil characteristics, biochar, biofertilizers, and mineral fertilizers greatly increased the amount and quality of okra produced. The study emphasizes the necessity for more investigation into organic and biofertilizers in organic farming. In order to promote sustainability, boost farm profitability, and lessen pollution, farmers should be encouraged to use less expensive, ecologically friendly fertilizers instead of chemical ones.