Abstract

Experimental renal failure is associated with systemic pathological alterations affecting the cardiovascular system. This study aimed to evaluate morphometric, histopathological, and immunohistochemical changes in the myocardium of rats with cisplatin-induced renal failure. Morphometric analysis revealed progressive myocardial remodeling characterized by increased thickness of the endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium, as well as enlargement of cardiomyocytes and expansion of myocardial stromal tissue. Histopathological examination demonstrated vascular congestion, endothelial swelling, luminal narrowing, interstitial edema, inflammatory cell infiltration, and degenerative changes in cardiomyocytes. Immunohistochemical analysis showed positive p53 expression in 37.75% of myocardial cells, indicating activation of apoptosis-related pathways. The severity of structural alterations increased with age and was accompanied by progressive vascular and stromal remodeling. These findings demonstrate that cisplatin-induced renal failure causes significant myocardial injury through mechanisms involving microcirculatory disturbances, inflammation, and apoptosis, providing morphological evidence for the development of cardiorenal syndrome.